Baiga is held during many holidays and anyone who has a horse can participate in the competition. There are different divisions based on the horse’s age-for those horses younger than three years old, the races are up to two kilometers horses younger than four race up to five kilometers and horses older than five years race the longest distance: nine kilometers. Baiga is either two, five, or nine kilometers across level ground. Today, this equestrian game is still popular among Kazakhs, but it is held in hippodromes, where a 30 km races are organized. Riders often braided the horses’ tails and manes or bird feathers and other decorations were used to protect the horse from harm-not all of the horses survived the races, however. Alaman Baiga provides a test for locally bred horses over the course of 30, 50, or even 100 km of rough terrain. Nomadic culture demands a readiness for long journeys, which necessitated the breeding of strong horses with unmatched endurance. Alaman BaigaĪlaman Baiga is characterized as long-distance racing for local horse breeds.
Kazakhs have worked to preserve these games despite developing a more sedentary lifestyle, and today, no major celebration would be complete without them.
Some of the games are rooted in the survival methods of the distant past while others are only for entertainment at the holidays-every game helps to develop a spiritual unity and camaraderie amongst the Kazakh people. Over thousands of years of societal development, Kazakhs developed horse games to compete and have fun but also to improve strength, agility, and dexterity while riding. Equestrian skills are essential to the nomadic way of life on which Kazakh culture is based.
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